Vet Info-H Vol 11 • No. 3 • May–Aug 2023 Dedicated to Veter inar ians Himalaya's Comprehensive Magazine on Animal Health Scan to read the e-version of Vet Info-H Share your experience and get featured (see Page 18).
2 Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 Copyright © 2023 Himalaya Wellness Company All content in this journal/publication is the property of Himalaya Wellness Company and is protected by Indian and international copyright laws. Any other use, including the reproduction, modification, distribution, transmission, republication, display or performance, of the content in this journal/publication, without written permission from the owner, is strictly prohibited. For permission to reproduce articles/information published in this journal/publication, please write to publications@himalayawellness.com Dear Doctor, Please scan the QR code or visit the link below to subscribe to Vet Info-H. https://tinyurl.com/ VetInfoHSubscriptionForm SUBSCRIPTION NATURE’S SECRET Tinospora cordifolia RESEARCH AT HIMALAYA Efficacy of HimCal Supplementation in Improving Milk Yield in Lactating Dairy Cows BREED PROFILE • Barbari • Sphynx RESEARCH AT HIMALAYA Evaluation of Erina Plus as a Coat Conditioner in Canines 3 8 6 10 WILDLIFE CORNER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 The Science of Bird Migration VET'S CONCERN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Feline Polycystic Kidney Disease In This Issue Editorial Dear Reader, This issue of Vet Info-H brings to you yet another fresh collection of articles including the latest trends and updates in the animal health industry. Interesting characteristics of the Barbari goat and Sphynx cat are presented in the Breed Profile section. Excerpts of a clinical study that proves the effect of HimCal supplementation on milk yield of lactating dairy cows, and a study that evaluates the conditioning, deodorizing, and coat cleansing properties of Erina Plus in different dog breeds are featured in the Research at Himalaya section. Engaging articles on feline polycystic kidney disease and the science of bird migration are also part of this issue. We have received an overwhelming response to the Vet in Action contest from veterinarians across India. This issue features Dr Swapnil Lonkar’s inspiring veterinary experience of how he braved severe rainfall to treat and save a distressed Holstein Friesian cow. We encourage you to participate in the contest and stand a chance to get featured in the forthcoming issues of Vet Info-H. Please see page 18 for more details. We eagerly look forward to your views and suggestions on this issue of Vet Info-H. Please write to publications@himalayawellness.com — Editor
Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 3 Tear along the perforation Tinospora cordifolia Sanskrit name: Guduchi English name: Tinospora Gulancha
4 Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 Traditional Uses Pharmacology Habitat Tinospora cordifolia is a large, deciduous, climbing shrub that spreads extensively. The roots are aerial, thread-like, and filiform; the stem is succulent, long, filiform, and fleshy; the leaves are 10 to 20 cm long and intensely green to yellowish green; the flowers are small, unisexual, and greenish yellow; the fruits are fleshy, ovoid with a smooth texture, and scarlet, and enclose white, bean-shaped seeds.1 Morphology The root, stem, and leaves of T cordifolia possess a variety of biologically active constituents that belong to different classes such as alkaloids, diterpenoid lactones, steroids, glycosides, and polysaccharides. Some of the main phytochemicals present in the plant parts of T cordifolia include tinosporone, tinosporic acid, cordifolisides A to E, syringen, berberine, giloin, gilenin, gilosterol, tinosporol, tinosporidine, sitosterol, cordifol, tinosporide, cordioside, tinosponone, and others.1 Chemical Constituents Nature’s Secret Tinospora cordifolia T cordifolia is distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Philippines, China, Malaysia, Bangladesh, and South Africa.1 The root, stem, and leaves of T cordifolia have been traditionally used for treating various ailments such as fever, diabetes mellitus, dyspepsia, jaundice, urinary tract infections, skin diseases, and chronic diarrhea and dysentery. The plant possesses antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, antistress, anxiolytic, antispasmodic, antipyretic, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, and immunomodulatory properties.1,2 1. The Agari, Bhil, Dhodia, Dubla, Khakari, Rimoshi, Thakur, Vardari, Vaghari, and Varli (Maharashtra, India) tribal groups consume the decoction of T cordifolia stem with cold or hot water on an empty stomach in the morning as a tonic to treat general debility.1 2. The locals of Patiala (Punjab, India) consume the decoction of T cordifolia leaves with honey to treat fever.3 3. The tribals of Rajouri, Gujjar, and Bakarwal use the parts of T cordifolia plant to treat bone fracture.3 4. The tribals of Khedbrahma region (Gujarat, India) consume T cordifolia root and stem powder with milk to treat cancer.3
Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 5 T cordifolia is an ingredient of • Anxocare® VET (Tablets) • Appetonic® VET (Bolus, Powder) • Diarex® VET (Bolus) • Digyton® (Drops) • Geriforte® VET (Liquid, Powder) • Himlay® (Powder) • Himpyrin® (Liquid) • Immunol® (Liquid) Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Properties A study was conducted to evaluate the free radical scavenging and antiproliferative abilities of T cordifolia stem. The ethanolic extract of T cordifolia stem and its subsequent petroleum ether, dichloromethane, n-butanol, and aqueous fractions were prepared. The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract and the 4 fractions were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical, and nitric oxide scavenging activity, iron chelating activity, and total antioxidant capacity assays. The antiproliferative ability of the ethanolic extract and the 4 fractions was evaluated through 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide and sulforhodamine B assays using human cervical cancer cell (HeLa) cultures.2 The results revealed a significant, dose-dependent radical scavenging activity and a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation in HeLa cell line by the ethanolic extract and the 4 fractions. Further, n-butanol fraction exhibited superior free radical scavenging activity, and dichloromethane fraction exhibited the most significant antiproliferative activity. Thus, it can be concluded that T cordifolia stem possesses potent antioxidant and antiproliferative properties.2 Anxiolytic Property A study demonstrated the anxiolytic property of T cordifolia leaves. Three albino mice experimental groups were orally treated with the ethanolic extract of T cordifolia leaves at doses 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight, respectively, for 7 consecutive days. The other 2 groups (control and standard groups) were treated with 0.6% w/v carboxymethyl Scientific Evidence cellulose and 1 mg/kg diazepam, respectively, for the same duration. On day 8, 1 hour after repeating the oral administration of the standard and ethanolic extracts, elevated plus maze test, light and dark transition test, and open field model test were performed for evaluating exploratory behavior, anxiety characteristics, and motor activity in all the mice groups.4 The results confirmed that the mice treated with the ethanolic leaf extract of T cordifolia produced an anxiolytic effect in a dose-dependent manner, and significant anxiolytic activity was found at 400 mg/kg body weight. Thus, it can be inferred that T cordifolia leaves possess potent anxiolytic property.4 References 1. Wasate P, et al. World J Pharm Life Sci. 2021;7(12):28–36. 2. Polu PR, et al. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017;17:457. 3. Sinha K, et al. Indian J Tradit Knowl. 2004;3(3):257–270. 4. Gururaja MP, et al. J Young Pharm. 2022;14(1):46–49.
6 Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 Barbari The Barbari is a popular goat breed in India. The characteristic feature of the Barbari goat is its deer-like appearance. The breed is adaptable to different environments and feed types. The Barbari goat originated in Uttar Pradesh (India). However, it is also bred in some districts of Rajasthan (Karoli, Bharatpur, and Dholpur) and Haryana (Palwal), in India. Physical Characteristics The Barbari goat has a medium-sized, compact body. A white coat with small brown patches is the most common coat color of this breed. Other coat colors of this breed include a white coat with black patches and dark brown coat. The eyes appear bulged because of the prominent orbital bone. The ears are short, tubular, and erect; they are directed upward and outward. The buck and the doe have curved and twisted horns of medium length that are directed upward and backward. The bucks have a thick beard. The does have a well-set udder with conical teats. The average weight of a buck is 37.85 kg and that of a doe is 22.56 kg. Commercial Uses The Barbari goat is a dual-purpose breed; it is reared for both milk and meat. A Barbari goat produces about 1.5 to 2 liters of milk per day, which is quite high in terms of the yield. The milk yield is at its peak, 30 to 60 days postpartum. The milk has 3% to 3.5% fat and 2.5% to 3% protein. The Barbari goat is known for its tasty meat. When stall fed, with a high-quality feed comprising green and dry forages and concentrate, this goat can gain about 100 g weight in a day. Also, this breed has a good feed conversion ratio. An adult buck can achieve about 40 kg live weight in a year, while an adult doe can achieve about 30 kg live weight in a year. Sources: Roy’s Farm. Barbari goat characteristics, origin, uses. https://www.roysfarm.com/. Updated September 26, 2022. Accessed February 2, 2023. Nirmal. Barbari goat breed complete information. https://www.farmingx.in/. Published December 23, 2020. Accessed February 2, 2023. Breed Profile
Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 7 Physical Characteristics A hairless kitten was born to a domestic cat in Toronto (Canada), in 1966. It was found that a natural genetic mutation resulted in a breed without hair; this cat was called the Sphynx. The lack of fur is undoubtedly the most distinctive feature of these cats. However, they are not always completely bald. They do have a peach fuzz appearance with short hair (about one-eighth an inch) on the nose bridge and behind the ears. The Sphynx cats are a medium-sized breed. They have a sturdy, well-defined frame with good muscle build and a full-belly appearance. They have a long, slender tail; large eyes that are positioned fairly apart; and large ears that give these cats an “elf-like” appearance. Most Sphynx cats lack whiskers, but have whisker pads above the mouth. The skin around the shoulders and between the ears has wrinkles. They have a variety of skin colors and coat patterns that are genetically possible. Training and Temperament The Sphynx cats are affectionate. They are friendly with new people, children, other cats, and even dogs. They are energetic and inquisitive in nature. They make wonderful family pets; however, they cannot stay alone for too long and require attention and dedicated care from their owners. Health and Care The lack of a furry coat makes them sensitive to sun exposure and can cause sun burns. Hence, direct exposure to sun must be limited. They have a high metabolic rate, but a sensitive digestive system. So, they must be given small meals at regular intervals through the day. These cats are prone to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. However, regular health checkups and a warm surrounding can help the cats stay healthy. Sources: Murphy L. Sphynx: cat breed profile, characteristics & care. https://www.thesprucepets.com/. Updated July 19, 2022. Accessed February 2, 2023. The Cat Fancier’s Association. About the Sphynx. https://cfa.org/. Accessed February 2, 2023. Breed Profile Sphynx
8 Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 Table. Effect of HimCal Supplementation on Milk Yield of Dairy Cows MilkYield Before Supplementation, L During Supplementation, L After Supplementation, L Low 4.75 ± 0.00 5.46a ± 0.08 5.52a ± 0.03 Medium 9.42 ± 0.02 10.18a ± 0.12 10.68a ± 0.03 High 14.84 ± 0.04 15.68a ± 0.16 16.43a ± 0.03 aDiffers significantly (P < .01) frombefore HimCal supplementation. Low milk yield group: In this group, HimCal improved milk yield by 14.94% during and after supplementation period compared with that in the presupplementation period (P < .01). Medium milk yield group: In this group, HimCal improved milk yield during and after supplementation period by 8.06% compared with that in the presupplementation period (P < .01). High milk yield group: In this group, HimCal improved milk yield during and after supplementation period by 5.66% compared with that in the presupplementation period (P < .01). The improved milk yield trend continued even after the withdrawal of HimCal supplementation in all 3 groups. HimCal is a polynutrient formulation manufactured and marketed by Himalaya Wellness Company (Bengaluru, Karnataka, India). HimCal contains Mouktika Sukti (comprises calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D3), Jivanti (Leptadenia reticulata), and Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus). The ingredients of HimCal possess galactopoietic action. The study results Objective To assess the effect of HimCal supplementation on milk yield of lactating dairy cows Materials and Methods This feeding trial was conducted in 28 cows (17 crossbred Holstein Friesian and 11 crossbred Jersey cows) of different age groups belonging to farmers in and around Bengaluru (Karnataka, India). The cows were individually penned and fed with native grass hay and concentrates. Ad libitum fresh and clean water was provided throughout the trial period. Based on milk yield, the cows were divided into 3 groups: low yield (0–6 L), medium yield (6–12 L), and high yield (> 12 L) groups. All the cows were supplemented (drenched/mixed with feed) with 100 mL HimCal, daily, for 10 days. The cows were hand milked, twice daily, at 6 to 7 AM and 5 to 6 PM, and the daily milk yield was recorded accordingly. Milk yield was recorded 7 days before HimCal supplementation, 7 days during supplementation (10 d), and 7 days after supplementation. The same cows were considered for comparison (control group). Data on feed intake and refusals were recorded on a daily basis. Any sign of estrus manifestation was visually observed and recorded. Cows in heat were artificially inseminated after 7 to 8 hours of observed estrus. The data collected were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test using GraphPad Prism version software (GraphPad Software Inc, San Diego, CA, USA). Results and Discussion HimCal supplementation improved milk yield in dairy cows (Table). Efficacy of HimCal® Supplementation in Improving Milk Yield in Lactating Dairy Cows Research at Himalaya HimCal is a natural calcium and phosphorus feed supplement derived from oyster shell and has a higher bioavailability. Continued on page 15... HimCal® (SUSPENSION)
10 Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 Evaluation of Erina® Plus as a Coat Conditioner in Canines for medicinal uses such as in the treatment of scabies, herpes, leukoderma, and other cutaneous diseases. The flowers of H rosa-sinensis have emollient and refrigerant properties, which have stimulating and conditioning effects on the skin. Extracts of H rosa-sinensis prevent hair loss, dandruff, and scalp disorders. Thus, the synergistic effects of the herbs present in Erina Plus contribute to its efficacy. There were no reports of staining of hair coat or irritation in the dogs after application of Erina Plus. All the dog owners expressed complete satisfaction with Erina Plus with respect to its smell, lathering, and application. Conclusion Thus, Erina Plus is a safe and effective topical preparation as a coat cleanser, coat conditioner, and deodorant. Source: Srivastava PC, Bhagwat VG. Vet World. 2008;1(12.000):361–362. Research at Himalaya seen in 62.74% of the dogs, while there was a good and fair coat conditioning effect in 27.45% and 9.8% of the dogs, respectively. An excellent deodorant effect was seen in 48.3% of the dogs, while it was good in 29.6% and fair in 22.1% of the dogs. Erina Plus had an excellent coat cleansing effect in 78.43% of the dogs, and the coat cleansing effect was good in 15.68% and fair in 5.89% of the dogs. Discussion Erina Plus consists of distillates from herbs, mainly oils of Anethum sowa, Azadirachta indica, Rosmarinus officinalis, and Pongamia glabra and the extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis. These herbs possess coat conditioning, coat cleansing, antidandruff, and deodorant properties. A indica possesses antibacterial, antifungal, and disinfectant properties. R officinalis possesses antimicrobial activity, and the extract is used in topical cleansing, conditioning, and cosmetic compositions. The seeds of P glabra are used in the management of skin diseases; its oil is well-known Erina Plus helps in cleansing dirt and dust on the skin, and its conditioning activity helps in improving the texture and shine of the coat. Objective To evaluate the conditioning, deodorant, and coat cleansing properties of Erina Plus in dogs of different breeds Materials and Methods The study included 51 dogs of different breeds and either sex, aged 1 to 10 years. The animals were divided into 2 groups: dogs in group 1 (26 animals) had a healthy coat, whereas dogs in group 2 (25 animals) had a rough hair coat, dandruff, and skin lesions. The owners of the dogs were instructed to bathe the dogs, at regular intervals, with Erina Plus, once or twice a week, for 3 to 4 weeks, with contact time of 15 to 20 minutes. Specific systemic therapy was given to dogs having skin lesions. The dogs were observed for any side effects locally or systemically. Results The coat conditioning, deodorizing, and coat cleansing properties of Erina Plus were observed every week, for 3 to 4 weeks. An excellent coat conditioning effect was Erina® Plus
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12 Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 Stranded Dolphins With Human Alzheimer’s Disease Markers Industry News Changes in Wolves’ Behavior Due To a MindControlling Parasite Toothed whales share several common traits with humans. With their ability to live beyond their reproductive years, like humans, they may be susceptible to late-onset diseases as well. In aging humans, Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of disability. The disease gradually impairs memory, learning, and communication. A similar affliction may be found in water-dwelling mammals such as whales too. Researchers of one of the most extensive studies on dementia in odontocetes (toothed whales) found classic markers of human Alzheimer’s disease in the brains of 3 species of stranded dolphins. This discovery may help explain why some of the species get stranded. The findings of the study support the sick leader theory, which states, “An otherwise healthy group of animals find themselves in dangerously shallow waters after following a group leader who may have become confused or lost.” Whales, dolphins, and porpoises are often stranded around the coasts, in groups or pods. While some animals are moved to safer, deeper waters by teams of experts, others may perish. Sources: Stranded whale rescue: a miraculous achievement. Cision PR Newswire. May 6, 2022. https://www.prnewswire.com/. Accessed February 20, 2023. Meera Srinivasan. Sri Lanka rescues 120 stranded whales. The Hindu, Colombo. November 3, 2020. https://www.thehindu.com/news/. Accessed February 20, 2023. A study found that wolves infected with a behavioraltering parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, have higher odds of displaying two risky behaviors: they either become pack leaders or abandon their packs altogether. The analysis was conducted on more than 200 gray wolves in Yellowstone National Park, USA. The findings of this study add to a growing body of evidence that infection with T gondii, a single-celled parasite, can cause risky behavioral changes in the host. T gondii makes its host bold, and the infection generally correlates with decreased fear in animals and increased exploratory behavior, which increase the host’s survival. Physical and behavioral changes have also been found in humans infected with T gondii, as it causes an increase in testosterone and dopamine production, encouraging the infected person to take on more risks. Source: T Desmettre. J Fr Ophtalmol. 2020;43(3):e89–e93.
Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 13 Wildlife Corner Bird migration is described as the regular movement of birds, each year, between breeding and wintering areas. Of the 10,000 known species of birds, roughly half of them migrate. Birds migrate to escape harsh conditions, explore places in search of food, and find environmental conditions conducive for breeding and rearing. Before the 1800s, bird migration left humans in awe; when birds migrated, people thought that the birds hibernated or “transformed” to other species, “grew on trees”, or flew to the moon. The reality of migration surfaced in 1822 when a bird shot in Germany had an arrow from Central Africa embedded across its neck, confirming a journey of thousands of miles. Since 1906, bird-watchers started leg-ringing the birds to understand migration. The arrival of the Pied Crested Cuckoo from Africa to India signals the onset of the monsoon season. The use of satellite tags has enabled humans to understand precisely how and where birds travel. A Godwit flying from Alaska to Australia (for 13,560 km) in 11 days, without a break, has set a new Guinness Record. Data from Frigate bird studies have demonstrated that birds sleep in “short bursts” of 12 seconds at a time, for up to 42 minutes a day on an average, in 10 days. Migrating birds are known to build significant body reserves before venturing on their journey. They also use the tailwinds blowing south. For direction, birds use the Sun, the stars, or an internal magnetic compass or a combination of all three, during their migratory journey. Bird migration serves as a source of nutrient transport, especially from seas to islands. Colonization of seabirds on volcanic-origin islands helps in nutrient transport, as the birds consume organisms from the sea, and their droppings on the island help in promoting and maintaining ecosystems on the nutrientdeficient islands. Bird migration is under threat due to human interventions in the landscape. For example, city lights confuse night fliers, wind turbines can kill birds, introducing wild and domestic predators at the nesting sites of migratory birds can reduce breeding success, and climate change can affect the timing and success of birds’ journeys. Sources: Pandey N, ed. Bird f lies from Alaska to Australia without stopping, breaks world record. https://www.ndtv.com/. Updated January 5, 2023. Accessed February 6, 2023. Salim A, Ripley SD. The Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan Together With Those of Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan and Ceylon. Vol 3. 2nd ed. Delhi, India: Oxford University Press; 1981:195. Bhattacharjee Y. Epic migrations. In: National Geographic Magazine. March 2018:34–59. Ali S. Bird Migration. London, UK: HarperCollins Publishers; 2010:194–197. The Science of Bird Migration
14 Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 Feline polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is hereditary, in which there is progressive development of fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys and, sometimes, in other organs such as the pancreas and the liver.1 Feline PKD is highly prevalent among Persian cats, with a worldwide incidence in the breed being 38%, making it the most prominently inherited feline disease in Persian cats. It is also observed in other cat breeds such as Exotic Shorthair, Himalayan Shorthair, British Shorthair, American Shorthair, Burmilla, Ragdoll, Maine Coon, Neva Masquerade, and Chartreux.2-7 Feline Polycystic Kidney Disease Vet's Concern Feline PKD occurs due to a single autosomal dominant gene abnormality, which means that every cat with the abnormal gene is at a risk of PKD. The disease is inheritable—cats with the PKD gene, even those with only a few small cysts or those with no clinical signs, will still pass the genetic defect to their kittens, even if mated with an unaffected, healthy cat.7 Primarily, there is noticeable cyst formation in the kidneys, and the cyst grows progressively but at a slow pace. It concurrently causes deterioration of kidney tissue and a gradual decrease in kidney functions, ultimately leading to irreversible kidney failure. Symptoms Feline PKD is characterized by the presence of cysts in the renal parenchyma in variable sizes and numbers. The cysts are inherent from birth and are formed in the cells of the renal tubules. Most of them are observed in the cortex or in the corticomedullary area. These cysts increase in number and size proportionally with age, which explains that many cats remain subclinical for several years.8-12 ultrasound evaluation of the kidneys. Special radiographic dye studies may also be used in certain situations.15 • Relevant clinical findings include renal manifestations, along with extrarenal manifestations, where liver involvement is the most common. Hepatic cysts are an extrarenal manifestation in some cases. In a study, the cooccurrence of hepatic and renal cysts with PKD was found to be 12.6%.16,12 • Laboratory findings are not very distinct in feline PKD. They mainly indicate renal failure (ie, azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, non-regenerative anemia, and proteinuria). However, clinical stages are highly variable, as depicted in a recent study where several young cats presented with azotemia with a remarkably high creatinine concentration, compared with geriatric cats with less significant values.17,11,12 • Ultrasound is a reliable imaging method for diagnosing and monitoring PKD. Multiple genetic tests have also been developed to determine the presence of the mutation responsible, thus offering breeders, owners, and clinicians the ability to easily detect PKD at an early stage.5,9,18-20 The clinical signs of PKD are not distinctively characteristic; PKD manifests as chronic renal failure. The average age at manifestation of clinical signs is 7 years; however, signs can appear anywhere between 3 and 10 years. The generally observed clinical signs, based on the history, are apathy, anorexia, weight loss, bad appearance of the coat, polyuria and polydipsia, as well as gastrointestinal disorders. Clinical examination shows general dehydration and pale mucous membranes. On palpation, an increased volume and irregular structure of the kidneys are observed.8,13,14 Causes Feline PKD occurs due to a mutated gene called PKD1 (polycystic 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting). However, the exact reasons of what causes this gene mutation in the first place are unknown. Diagnosis • Feline PKD is diagnosed based on the breed, medical history, clinical signs, blood and urine tests, genetic testing, and
Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 15 The age-dependent diagnostic criteria for PKD using kidney ultrasound, in Persian Cats, are given in the Table. Treatment Treatment for feline PKD does not exist as of now; however, the clinical signs can be alleviated with palliative treatment. Special diets, fluid therapy, and medications to cope up with nausea and vomiting and to further block the absorption of phosphorus are often used to treat the symptoms of kidney failure in later stages.15 References 1. Kimberling WJ, Semin Nephrol. 1991;11(6):596–606. 2. Cannon MJ, et al. Vet Rec. 2001;149(14):409–411. 3. Eaton KA, et al. Vet Pathol. 1997;34(2):117–126. 4. Gendron K, et al. J Feline Med Surg. 2013;15(12):1079–1085. 5. Helps C, et al. Exp Mol Pathol. 2007;83(2):264–268. 6. Jasik A, Kulesza M. J Small Anim Pract. 2014;55(7):387. 7. Volta A, et al. J Feline Med Surg. 2010;12(2):138–140. 8. Battershell D, Garcia JP. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1969;154(6):665–666. 9. Lee Y-J, et al. J Vet Diagn Investig. 2010;22(3):424–428. Table. Age-Dependent Diagnostic Criteria of PKD in Persian Cats, Using Kidney Ultrasound Age, mo Diagnostic Criteria for Kidney Ultrasound ≤ 15 ≥ 1 cyst 16–32 ≥ 2 cysts 33–49 ≥ 3 cysts 50–66 ≥ 4 cysts PKD, polycystic kidney disease. Adopted from: Guerra JM, et al.14 10. Noori Z, et al. Iran J Vet Res. 2019;20(2):151–154. 11. Sato R, et al. J Vet Med Sci. 2019;81(7):1006–1011. 12. Yu Y, et al. BMC Nephrol. 2019; 20:259. 13. Bergmann C. Pediatr Nephrol. 2015;30(1):15–30. 14. Guerra JM, et al. J Feline Med Surg. 2019;21(2):156–164. 15. Ward E. Polycystic kidney disease in cats. https://vcahospitals.com/. Accessed February 24, 2023. 16. Harris PC, et al. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17(11):3013–3019. 17. Guerra JM, et al. JFMS Open Rep. 2015;1(2):2055116915619191. 18. Bonazzi M, et al. J Feline Med. Surg. 2007;9(5):387–391. 19. Cooper BK, Piveral P. Feline Pract. 2000;28(2):20–21. 20. Lee Y-J, et al. Vet Rec. 2010;167(16): 614–618. also show that HimCal supplementation improves the production performance of cows. Conclusion HimCal can be used safely to improve milk yield in lactating dairy cows. HimCal did not have any adverse effects on the health of the cows during the feeding trial. Source: Ravikumar BR, et al. Livestock Line. 2008;5–8. ...Continued from page 8 Efficacy of HimCal® Supplementation in Improving Milk Yield in Lactating Dairy Cows We hope you enjoyed reading the new version of Vet Info-H! Your Feedback is Important to Us! Please do share your feedback and suggestions at publications@himalayawellness.com or scan the QR code below, fill the feedback form, and submit!
16 Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 HimCal Gel is highly effective in the treatment of milk fever cases and in cows suffering from acute and prolonged calcium deficiency. Overall, HimCal Gel is a good product with good results in field conditions. Dr Rajesh M Bengaluru, Karnataka, India HimCal Gel does not cause any irritation and gives good results in the treatment of subclinical milk fever. Dr Aysha Khatun Goalpara, Assam, India HimCal Gel has given good results in the treatment of milk fever cases. The milk productivity of the cow has also significantly increased. Dr Sushil Yadav Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India The Vet Says... HimCal® (GEL) Ionic calcium and phosphorus fortified with herbs Benefits • Supports speedy recovery in acute and prolonged calcium deficiency • Helps maintain normal calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium levels • Supports overall digestion and gut health • Optimizes milk production and improves milk let-down Key Herbal Ingredients • Lasuna (Allium sativum) • Methi (Trigonella foenum-graecum) • Shatapushpa (Anethum sowa) • Shunthi (Zingiber officinale) Nutritional Value Contains ionic calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, cobalt, vitamin D3, and vitamin C. Dosage Cows and buffaloes: Two doses of 425 g gel, 8 to 10 hours apart In severe conditions, after 4 hours of intravenous calcium borogluconate treatment, give the entire bottle. Repeat the procedure 12 hours later. Directions for Use • Place the drenching bottle nozzle into the back of the cow’s mouth while holding the cow’s head in a normal to a slightly elevated position. • Per feeding, give the entire contents of 1 bottle. Precautions • Administer only to animals that can stand and swallow normally. • This is not a substitute for intravenous calcium treatment for milk fever. • Avoid accidental administration into the windpipe and lungs. • Avoid feeding to cows that are unable to swallow. Brand Information
Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 17 A good conditioner and shampoo that I recommend for all puppies, without any concurrent skin infection, is Erina Puppy Shampoo & Conditioner. The shampoo keeps the coat smooth and shiny. Also, the product has a good fragrance. I am satisfied with this product. Dr Anmol Singh Ludhiana, Punjab, India Erina Puppy Shampoo & Conditioner has excellent cleansing and conditioning effects. Erina Puppy Shampoo & Conditioner keeps the skin soft and is safe for puppies. Dr CK Shukla Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India I recommend Himalaya’s Erina Puppy Shampoo & Conditioner to all hairy dog breeds. In the pet grooming segment, Erina Puppy Shampoo & Conditioner is of premium quality and is available at a reasonable price. Dr Kishan Rao Hyderabad, Telangana, India Erina® (PUPPY SHAMPOO AND CONDITIONER) For a fresh, clean, and healthy coat The Vet Says... Brand Information Benefits • Is gentle and mild on the skin • Cleanses the skin and coat thoroughly • Conditions and moisturizes the skin and coat • Provides a shiny and smooth hair coat • Reduces tangles, dandruff, and hair fall • Protects and revitalizes the coat and skin • Has deodorizing and relaxing effects Key Ingredients • Oat • Lavender Oil • Arishta (Sapindus mukorossi) • Frankincense Oil • Carrot Seed Oil Directions for Use Wet the puppy’s coat with warm water. Apply the required quantity of Erina Puppy Shampoo & Conditioner on the puppy’s coat and massage well to create a lather. Leave the shampoo on the coat for 5 to 10 minutes. Rinse well and towel dry. Gently brush. Erina Puppy Shampoo & Conditioner is gentle, as it has a pH-balanced formula. The shampoo helps maintain smooth and healthy skin and coat in puppies. Dr Sunil Kumawat Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Erina Puppy Shampoo & Conditioner is good for cleansing and conditioning the puppies’ soft skin and has no side effects. I have received positive feedback about the product from many pet parents. Dr Dinesh Kumar Yadav Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Erina Puppy Shampoo & Conditioner is safe on the puppies’ skin. I highly recommend this shampoo for all breeds of puppies. Dr Shah Nawaz Khan Jammu, India With Lavender Fragrance
18 Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 Terms and Conditions • Submit the photograph(s) in .jpeg format, in portrait or landscape orientation, and with a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. • Provide a catchy caption for your photograph(s). • Send across your photograph(s) via e-mail to publications@himalayawellness.com, with“Vet in Action” as the subject line of your e-mail. • In the e-mail, include the caption for the photograph(s) and a brief description of the case. • The best entries will be featured in the forthcoming issues of this magazine. • The photograph(s) you submit will be the property of HimalayaWellness Company. The participants should be aware that HimalayaWellness Company reserves the right to publish the photograph(s) in Vet Info-H. Dear Doctor, share with us some candid pictures of you in action as a veterinarian, along with a brief about that experience. The best photographs and stories will be featured in the forthcoming issues of Vet Info-H! I was working as a Veterinary Officer in a Mobile Veterinary Dispensary at GVK Gujarat. It was a day in the month of August, without a ray of sunlight. It was pouring heavily. Just after I successfully treated two emergency dystocia cases in cattle, I got a call. Although exhausted, I answered the call. The farmer was in distress as his Holstein Friesian cow was unable to stand. I left for his place immediately. On the way, I was thinking of all the possible excuses I could have skipped this visit. However, when I saw the cow and her specially abled owner, something inside me stirred. I decided to give this case my 100%. Completely drenched in rain, I stepped forward to begin the treatment. I approached the cow and did a quick and thorough clinical examination. The cow’s body temperature was 106.2°F, the mucous membrane was pale, and the lymph nodes were swollen. The cow had a history of tick infestation and passed red urine. Dr Swapnil Lonkar, MVSc Consultant Veterinarian VET BEATS Pet Clinic and Veterinary Consultancy Opposite Market Yard, KBP College Road Pandharpur, Solapur 413304 Maharashtra, India E-mail: swapnillonkar92@gmail.com Always Help an Animal in Need! Vet in Action After a detailed differential diagnosis, I narrowed down the diagnosis to a hemoprotozoan parasite infection, that is, babesiosis. Then, according to the treatment protocol, I administered the drug of choice diminazene aceturate, followed by other requisite medicines. I also prescribed oral hematinics and a liver tonic. The cow became stable after 3 days. The farmer and his family expressed immense gratitude to me. I discovered that my willpower had helped me save a life that day. A strong will can go a long way in helping veterinarians contribute their bit for the welfare of society. Dr Swapnil Lonkar Treating the Cow With Assistance From the Farmer
Vet Info-H • May–Aug 2023 • Vol 11 • No. 3 19 Editor: Dr Jayashree B Keshav • Editorial Team: Shruthi VB, Shruthi VK, Harika GS, Shruthi M, Priyakshi M, Keerthini D, Harshitha C • Layout Artists: Dayananda RS, Santosh G, Monesh NP Animal Health Team: Dr Zafar Ahmad, Dr Devojit Das, Dr Ashish Chauhan, Dr Akansha Gurung, Dr Percy Avari, Pavithra A Stevie: Hey, Mom, I got a 100 in school today! Mom: That’s great! What did you score a 100 in? Stevie: A 40 in reading and a 60 in spelling! ••• Jordan: My teacher says I must write more clearly. Mom: That’s correct, Jordan. Jordan: But then she’ll know I can’t spell! ••• Patient: Doctor, how much will it cost to take this splinter out? Doctor: About $70. Patient: $70 for just a couple of seconds of work? Doctor: I can pull it out very slowly if you prefer! ••• Laughter, The Best Medicine Answers 1. 2. B 1. Find the way from the start to the end of the nanostructure. "This is an extreme case of rigid thinking." Rob looked very happy; he told his friend, “You know, somebody actually complimented me on my driving today. They left a little note on the windscreen that said, ‘Parking Fine’!” ••• Policeman: Do you know how fast you were going? Motorist: No, you have to tell me because you’re the one with the radar! ••• Try this puzzle! 2. Choose the missing pattern from the options provided.
Only for reference by a registered veterinary practitioner, hospital, or laboratory Printed and Published by: Dr Jayashree B Keshav on behalf of Himalaya Wellness Company Printed at: M/s Sri Sudhindra Offset Process, #97, DT Street, 8th Cross, Malleshwaram, Bengaluru 560003 Published from: Himalaya Wellness Company, Makali, Bengaluru 562162 Editor: Dr Jayashree B Keshav In line with our commitment toward a green future, Vet Info-H is printed with VOC-free, vegetable-based inks on ecofriendly paper made from sustainable sources. ® Regd. Trademark TM Trademark
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