T h e r a p e u t i c I n d e x 29 Bresol®-NS Saline Nasal Solution (drops/spray) – Deviated nasal septum – Conditions associated with URTI • Dry, irritated, and stuffy nasal passages Directions for Use Instill 2 to 3 drops/sprays in each nostril, three to four times daily. For drops: Squeeze the bottle in upside down position. For spray: Squeeze the bottle in upright position. Adverse Effects No adverse effects have been reported. Contraindications There are no known contraindications. Special Precautions To be prescribed as per the physician’s discretion in children younger than 12 years, as the product’s safety is not established in this group. Presentation Bottles of 10 mL. Pharmacological Actions of Principal Ingredients 1. Anti-inflammatory action: Glycyrrhiza glabra root is extensively used in traditional medicine for the management of URTIs because of its demulcent and anti-inflammatory properties. Glycyrrhiza glabra brings about anti-inflammatory action through different mechanisms: (i) suppression of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis by inhibiting enzymes related to arachidonic acid cascade pathway and (ii) inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by neutrophils, the most potent inflammatory mediator at the site of inflammation. Several studies involving different models have observed the ability of glycyrrhizin, a key constituent of Glycyrrhiza glabra, in downregulating certain proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-3, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 [p40], IL-12 [p70], and IL-13) and chemokines (IL-8 and eotaxin-1). Coleus aromaticus leaf extract exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by stabilizing the lysosomal membrane and preventing the release of its constituents by activating neutrophils, and thereby avoiding further tissue inflammation and damage. Eucalyptol (1,8-cineole), a principal volatile constituent of Eucalyptus globulus oil, possesses potent antiinflammatory property. In an allergy challenge study, eucalyptol exhibited the ability to inhibit the formation of PGs and cytokines and prevented airway hyperresponsiveness, inhibited inflammation, and strengthened mucociliary clearance in animal models. Inhalation of Eucalyptus globulus oil is found to open up the nasal pathway and improve airflow. 2. Anti-allergic action: Glycyrrhiza glabra exerts an anti-allergic effect by stabilizing the mast cells and by preventing the synthesis and release of histamines and other key inflammatory mediators. Coleus aromaticus leaf extract was found to stabilize mast cells and prevent the release of histamines and other key inflammatory mediators in allergy-induced experimental models.
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