T h e r a p e u t i c I n d e x 21 Bonnisan® (drops, liquid) vulgare, and Glycyrrhiza glabra have potent antispasmodic and pain-relieving actions, which along with their carminative action, help relieve symptoms of colic in GI disorders in infants and children. 3. Appetite-stimulating action: Elettaria cardamomum is used to renormalize digestion and stimulate appetite. 4. Anti-nauseating action: Cichorium intybus is used for checking bilious vomiting. Elettaria cardamomum is used as an antidote to nausea. 5. Mucoprotective and antisecretory actions: Anethum graveolens, Emblica officinalis, and Glycyrrhiza glabra have potent mucoprotective and antisecretory actions. The extract of Elettaria cardamomum causes a significant decrease in gastric acid secretion after treatment. 6. Antioxidant action: Functional GI diseases such as non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD), in many cases, are initiated by or correlated with inflammatory processes where reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role. Prominent sources of ROS are myeloperoxidase (MPO)-driven oxidation and chlorination reactions, which are assumed to be mainly responsible for tissue damage. Anethum graveolens, Tinospora cordifolia, Capparis spinosa, Emblica officinalis, Cichorium intybus, Terminalia chebula, Achillea millefolium, Boerhaavia diffusa, Nelumbium speciosum, Foeniculum vulgare, and Glycyrrhiza glabra have potent antioxidant properties that offer protection against oxidative damage. Tamarix gallica has potent chemopreventive properties that may suppress hepatic oxidative stress. 7. Antimicrobial action: NUD is commonly seen in children. Various microbial pathogens are associated with GI disorders, leading to indigestion, NUD, and diarrhea. Escherichia is one of the most common microorganisms associated with diarrhea. Anethum graveolens, Capparis spinosa, Cassia occidentalis, and Terminalia chebula have broad-spectrum antimicrobial action, useful in the prevention and treatment of acute and chronic GI infections. 8. Anti-inflammatory action: Bonnisan also has potent anti-inflammatory action that controls the damage associated with acute and chronic GI infections. Tinospora cordifolia, Capparis spinosa, Piper longum, Emblica officinalis, Cichorium intybus, Cassia occidentalis, Terminalia chebula, Elettaria cardamomum, Achillea millefolium, Tribulus terrestris, Cyperus scariosus, Embelia ribes, Terminalia arjuna, Foeniculum vulgare, and Glycyrrhiza glabra have potent anti-inflammatory action that controls the damage associated with acute and chronic GI infections. 9. Stomachic action: Anethum graveolens, Terminalia chebula, and Tribulus terrestris have stomachic property.
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