T h e r a p e u t i c I n d e x 9 Nimbidin, the major active principle in Azadirachta indica seed oil, helps reduce inflammation mainly by inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production (via inhibiting iNOS), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, and attenuating neutrophil degranulation. Hydnocarpus pentandrus seed oil helps in soothing dry, inflamed, and itchy skin. The oil is extensively used in traditional medicine for inflammatory skin conditions. The Vetiveria zizanioides essential oil may suppress the inflammatory response including NO production and regulation of inflammatory cytokines. The volatile oils isolated from Ocimum basilicum show topical anti-inflammatory activity, and also have been reported to possess significant antifungal and antibacterial activities. The essential oil of Citrus limon is rich in limonene, a monoterpene, which has a potent anti-inflammatory effect, and is commonly used for both therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. 4. Moisturizing action: The emollient properties of long-chain fatty acids (e.g., stearic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and oleic acid) found in Linum usitatissimum, Pongamia glabra, Vitis vinifera, and Prunus amygdalus oils help moisturize by filling up the spaces between skin flakes, reduce transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and enhance epidermal barrier function, thus helping to maintain skin hydration and integrity. Aactaril® (soap)
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