Probe • Vol LXII • No. 4 • Sep–Dec 2023 • 29 Ophthalmology Elevated Aqueous Endothelin-1 Concentrations in Advanced Diabetic Retinopathy This study investigated the aqueous endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR). The study included 85 patients and were classified into 3 groups: (1) advanced DR group included those with severe nonproliferative DR or proliferative DR; (2) early DR group included those with mild nonproliferative DR or moderative nonproliferative DR; and (3) control group included those who underwent cataract surgery and had no concomitant ocular disease. Aqueous humor levels of ET-1 were obtained before intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVB), after 1 month for the DR patients, and at the time of cataract surgery for the control group. The advanced DR group included 40 eyes, early DR group included 19 eyes, and control group included 26 eyes. The mean aqueous ET-1 level was 10.1 ± 4.1 pg/mL in the advanced DR group, 1.9 ± 0.7 pg/mL in the early DR group, and 2.1 ± 1.0 pg/mL in the control group. The advanced DR group was further subdivided into severe nonproliferative DR (15 eyes) and proliferative DR (25 eyes). The mean aqueous ET-1 level was 10.1 ± 4.3 pg/mL in patients with severe nonproliferative DR, and 10.0 ± 4.0 pg/mL with proliferative DR. Mean ET-1 level at 1 month after IVB was 2.5 ± 1.0 pg/mL in patients with severe proliferative DR, and 2.9 ± 1.7 pg/mL with proliferative DR. The mean aqueous ET-1 level was significantly reduced in both the groups. The mean aqueous ET-1 level was significantly higher in the eyes with advanced DR than those with early DR and the control group. The mean aqueous ET-1 level was significantly reduced after IVB in the advanced DR group. Source: Kang HM, et al. PLoS One. 2022;17(5):e0268353. Association of Geriatric Nutritional Risk IndexWith Retinopathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus The geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) is a nutrition-related risk assessment tool and has been used in various clinical settings. The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the associated risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains inconclusive. This study evaluated the association between GNRI and DR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 1359 patients with T2DM who were followed up in a diabetes clinic and underwent fundus photographic examinations from August 2006 to February 2014 were included. DR was assessed by retinal ophthalmologists using comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations. Patients were divided into tertiles according to their GNRI category. Patients in the lower GNRI tertile tended to have a higher proportion of nonproliferative DR (NPDR) and proliferative DR (PDR) compared with those in the other tertiles. The risk of PDR was higher in patients included in GNRI tertile 1 (OR, 2.252; 95% CI, 1.080–4.823; P = .033) and GNRI tertile 2 (OR, 2.602; 95% CI, 1.323–5.336; P = .007) compared with those in GNRI tertile 3. In patients with lower GNRIs, the prevalence of DR was higher than in those with higher GNRIs. When GNRI was compared with BMI using the area under the curve, overall accuracy was high in GNRI. The risk of PDR was high in patients with low GNRI, and there is an inverse association between GNRI scores and prevalence of DR. GNRI might be a useful tool to predict DR in patients with T2DM. Source: Cho A, et al. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):11746. Abstracts From Literature
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjAwNDg=