Probe • Vol LXII • No. 4 • Sep–Dec 2023 • 25 Dentistry Abstracts From Literature Caries Experience and Gingival Health in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus This study investigated the oral health of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its associations with diabetes-related and lifestyle factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted at a large tertiary hospital’s pediatric diabetes clinic. Oral examination determined dental caries experience and gingival health. Secondary outcome measures included salivary characteristics, oral hygiene and dietary practices, and diabetes-related factors. Eighty children and adolescents with T1DM participated; mean age (SD) and HbA1c were 13.4 (2.6) years and 7.7% (0.9%), respectively. Forty-seven (59%) participants had one or more decayed, missing, or filled teeth; 75 (94%) participants had gingivitis; and half (50%) of the participants reported ≥ 3 hypoglycemic episodes necessitating rapid-acting carbohydrates in the previous week. Sixty-two participants (78%) had normal saliva flow; however, 42 (52%) had reduced salivary buffering capacity. Glycemic control (HbA1c) was not associated with caries experience, gingival health, or salivary characteristics. Increased frequency of tooth brushing (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.01–0.97; P = .05) and interdental flossing (OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.12–0.81; P = .02) were associated with lower caries experience. Interdental flossing (OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.12–0.80; P = .02) and good oral hygiene (OR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.01–0.22; P < .001) were associated with less gingivitis. Poor oral health is common in children with T1DM, regardless of HbA1c. Given potential implications for short- and long-term systemic health, this study demonstrates the need for targeted strategies to improve oral health in children with T1DM. Source: Gunasekaran S, et al. Pediatr Diabetes. 2022;23(4):499–506. Increased Oral Care Needs and Third Molar Symptoms inWomenWith Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Hyperglycemia and oral pathology accelerate each other in diabetes. This study evaluated whether gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with self-reported increased oral health care needs and oral symptoms, including third molar symptoms, during pregnancy. Pregnant women with (n = 1030) and without GDM (n = 935) were recruited in this multicenter Finnish Gestational Diabetes study, conducted from 2009 to 2012. Of the women with GDM, 196 (19%) receiving pharmacologic treatment, 797 (77%) receiving dietary treatment, and 233 (23%) with recurrent GDM were analyzed separately. Oral health was assessed using structured questionnaires and analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model adjusted for background risk factors. Women with GDM were more likely to report a higher need for oral care than controls (31.1% vs 24.5%; OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.14–1.69), particularly women with recurrent GDM (38.1% vs 24.5%; OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.40–2.58). Women with pharmacologically treated GDM (46.9%) more often had third molar symptoms than controls (36.1%; OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.15–2.15) than women with diet-treated GDM (38%; OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.07–2.02). GDM is associated with perceived oral care needs. Third molar symptoms were associated with pharmacologically treated GDM. Source: Pukkila J, et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(17):10711.
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