48 • Probe •Vol LXII • No. 3 • May–Aug 2023 Insufficiency of Vitamins and Health Outcomes in Children Vitamins are regarded as vital organic compounds that regulate various physiologic functions and help in maintaining the body’s metabolic rate. These essential nutrients can be sourced in small concentrations from various foods, primarily fruits and vegetables. Vitamin insufficiency in children could be because of various factors.1,2 Here is an overview of some of the vitamin deficiencies and associated symptoms commonly observed in children. associated with neurocognitive development (eg, social, visual-spatial, and motor abilities).2 Vitamin C deficiency Vitamin C is found abundantly in fruits and vegetables such as oranges, peppers, strawberries, broccoli, brussels sprouts, and potatoes. Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis, maintaining the stability of connective tissues, many enzymatic reactions, Deficiency of Water-Soluble Vitamins Vitamin B12 deficiency Vitamin B12 is naturally found in animal products (eg, fish, meat, poultry, eggs, and dairy products). It is fundamental for appropriate neurologic function. Vitamin B12 deficiency occurs mainly because of either restrictive diets such as a vegan diet or absorption problems. It clinically manifests with megaloblastic anemia and neurologic symptoms.2 The recommended dietary allowance of vitamin B12 in children between 7 months and 6 years is approximately 1.4 μg/day. Adequate supplementation of vitamin B12 is essential in children, as vitamin B12 status during the first year of life is directly Impaired nutrient absorption, unusual dietary patterns, and inadequate vitamin intake can lead to a spectrum of health consequences in children, and this can be addressed with nutritional supplements as a supportive therapy.2
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