Probe • Vol LXII • No. 3 • May–Aug 2023 • 15 of increase in these enzyme levels was more in S nigrum–fed rats than in Liv.52-treated rats. The activity of these enzymes was decreased in the control rats and Liv.52-treated rats that were administered CCl4. Upon the administration of CCl4 to the control and Liv.52-treated rats, the levels of the enzymes succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase, and ATPase were significantly reduced. In the control rats that were administered CCl4, the percentages of inactivation of aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase were 73% and 70%, respectively, while the percentages of corresponding inactivation of these enzymes in Liv.52 + CCl4–administered rats were 45% and 69%, respectively. This shows that Liv.52 provides a certain amount of protection to microsomal aniline hydroxylase in CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. The activity of hepatic lysosomal enzymes—acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, acid deoxyribonuclease, acid ribonuclease, and cathepsin B—was decreased in Liv.52-treated rats compared with that in the control and S nigrum–fed rats. Table. Effect of Liv.52 and Solanum nigrum Leaf Extract on Hepatic Mitochondrial, Microsomal, and Lysosomal Enzyme Levels Enzymes*, (Units/g liver) Control Liv.52 S nigrum Untreated Untreated CCl 4 treated Untreated CCl4 treated Succinate Dehydrogenasea 17.7 ± 1.4 3.83 ± 1.4 21.9 ± 0.7 18.76 ±0.7 23.4 ± 1.1 Cytochrome c Oxidaseb 0.43 ± 0.07 0.298 ± 0.01 0.65 ± 0.08 0.415 ± 0.007 0.75 ± 0.13 Total ATPasec 6.37 ± 0.43 3.51 ± 0.3 Microsomal 8.69 ± 0.97 6.62 ±0.03 11.05 ± 0.36 Aniline Hydroxylased (× 102) 8.3 ± 0.9 2.28 ± 0.84 – 73# 12.8 ± 1.3 6.01 ±0.91 – 45# 6.7 ± 0.8 Aminopyrine N-Demethylasee 185 ± 10 55 ± 7.9 – 70# 475 ± 50 145 ± 21 – 69# 915 ± 10 Glucose-6-Phosphatasec 5.56 ± 0.24 4.19 ± 0.22 Lysosomal 5.58 ± 0.37 4.15 ± 0.18 Not done Acid Phosphatasef 21.2 ± 2.17 34.53 ± 4.7 + 63# 16.65 ± 0.77 28.9 ± 1.47 + 81# 23.5 ± 1.9 Alkaline Phosphatasef 7.22 ± 0.56 13.45 ± 2.29 + 88# 5.62 ± 0.53 10.18 ± 1.9 + 81# Not done Acid Deoxyribonucleaseg (× 10−3) 0.60 ± 0.1 Not done 0.37 ± 0.04 Not done 0.60 ± 0.03 Acid Ribonucleaseg (× 10−3) 2.67 ± 0.34 6.42 ± 1.6 + 140# 1.91 ± 0.1 4.72 ± 1.61 + 146 # Not done Cathepsin Bh 2.86 ± 0.12 2.33 ± 0.104 – 18# 1.86 ± 0.11 1.68 ± 0.08 – 9# 2.71 ± 0.34 *One enzyme unit is expressed as aµmole potassium ferricyanide reduced/min; b2.303 log OD min/OD min × conc. of cytochrome c; cµmole Pi liberated/min; dpmole p-aminophenol formed/min; enmol formaldehyde formed/min; fµmole phenol liberated/min; gOD/min; hµmole of tyrosine released/min. #Values indicate percentage increase (+) or decrease (–) in activity. Figure. Effect of Liv.52 and S nigrum Leaf Extract on the Growth Rate of Rats oxidase, and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) in the hepatic mitochondrial fraction (Table) compared with the control group rats. However, the magnitude Continued on page 19... Effect of Liv.52 on Hepatic Enzymes 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 100 80 50 40 60 Age, d 70 90 Liv.52 Control Solanumnigrum 110 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 BodyWeight, g
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