PERINATOLOGY • Vol 24 • No. 1 • May–Aug 2023 • 49 Brief Analysis Permatasari RD. Correlation Between the Gestational Age Estimated Using LMP, USG, and the NBS In this study, GA estimated using LMP correlated with GA estimated using USG (r = 0.867). It shows that the accuracy rate of GA estimation using USG increases because the GA is estimated using LMP. This finding was similar to Deputy et al’s8 observations (study conducted in Vietnam), which stated that the GA estimated using LMP correlated with the GA estimated using USG (r = 0.78). It was also similar to the findings by Macaulay et al9 (study conducted in South Africa), which states that the GA estimated using LMP correlated with the GA estimated using USG (r = 0.75). This study showed that the GA estimated using LMP correlated with the GA estimated using NBS (r = 0.801). It means that the accuracy rate of GA estimation using NBS increases because the GA is estimated using LMP. The study conducted by Singhal et al10 (conducted in Uttar Pradesh, India) also stated that the GA estimated using LMP correlated with the GA estimated using NBS (r = 0.9717). In this study, the GA estimated using USG correlated with the GA estimated using NBS (r = 0.783). It shows that the accuracy rate of the GA estimated using NBS increases because the GA is estimated using USG. The study conducted by Erman et al11 (conducted in Bali, Indonesia) also states that the GA estimated using USG correlated with the GA estimated using NBS (r = 0.79). In this study, the correlation between LMP and USG (r = 0.867) was higher than the correlation between LMP and NBS (r = 0.801) as well as USG and NBS (r = 0.783). This result is similar to the study by Singhal et al12 (conducted in Chandigarh, India), which shows that the correlation between LMP and USG (r = 0.96) is higher than the correlation between LMP and NBS (r = 0.88) as well as USG and NBS (r = 0.86). The study by Zahan et al13 (conducted in Bangladesh) also shows that the correlation between LMP and USG (r = 0.96) was higher than the correlation between LMP and NBS (r = 0.94) as well as USG and NBS (r = 0.94). Similarly, the study by Jyothsna et al14 (conducted in Telangana, India) also shows that the correlation between LMP and USG (r = 0.972) was higher than the correlation between LMP and NBS (r = 0.968) as well as USG and NBS (r = 0.966). However, this result is slightly different from the study by Gagandeep et al15 (conducted in Karnataka, India), which shows that the correlation between LMP and USG (r = 0.983) was the highest, followed by the correlation between USG and NBS (r = 0.955) and LMP and NBS (r = 0.953). This was probably influenced by the low ability of pregnant women to recall the date of their LMPs. Conclusion Based on these results, it can be concluded that the GA estimations using LMP and USG, LMP and NBS, as well as USG and NBS were strongly correlated. This reflects that the GA estimation using USG and NBS performed at Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital has been well implemented and can be used to estimate GA, especially if the LMP is unknown. References 1. Engle W; American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Age terminology during the perinatal period. Pediatrics. 2004;114(5):1362–1364. 2. Gomella TL, Eyal FG, Bany-Mohammed F. Gomella’s Neonatology: Management, Procedures, On-Call Problems, Diseases, and Drugs. 8th ed. United States: McGraw-Hill Education; 2020:42–59. 3. Eichenwald EC, et al, ed. Fetal Assessment and Prenatal Diagnosis. In: Cloherty and Stark’s Manual of Neonatal Care. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2017:1–2. 4. Konar H, ed. DC Dutta’s Textbook of OBSTETRICS: including Perinatology and Contraception. 8th ed. NewDelhi, India: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher; 2015:83–84. 5. Callahan TL, Caughey AB. Blueprints Obstetric & Gynecology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health; 2018:2–31. 6. Faschingbauer F, et al. Longitudinal z score distribution in sonographic fetal biometry: influence of examiner and experience. J Ultrasound Med. 2017;36(5):1021–1028. 7. Taylor RAM, et al. The external Ballard examination does not accurately assess the gestational age of infants born at home in a rural community of The Gambia. Ann Trop Paediatr. 2010;30(3):197–204. 8. Deputy NP, et al. Validity of gestational age estimates by last menstrual period and neonatal examination compared to ultrasound in Vietnam. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):25.
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