PERINATOLOGY • Vol 24 • No. 1 • May–Aug 2023 • 17 namely the χ2 test was done to confirm the outcome. The results for any skewed data were compiled using median (IQR) and Mann–Whitney U test to determine the significance. The level of significance was determined as insignificant if P > .05, significant if P < .05, and highly significant if P < .001. Results Table 1 presents the gestational age distribution of the neonates. Excluding 1 case of intrauterine death, the remaining 79 neonates were classified based on their gestational age at birth—there were 36 (46%) term neonates, 17 (21%) early preterm neonates, and 26 (33%) late preterm neonates. This shows that most neonates born to mothers with PIH were preterm (54%). Table 1. Gestational Age Distribution of the Neonates Gestational Age Preterm, Mean ± SD Term, Mean ± SD P Value Based on Last Menstrual Period 33.9 ± 2.49 38.07 ± 0.91 0a Based on Ultrasonogram (30–32 wk) 32.58 ± 2.91 37.57 ±1.14 Based on Ballard’s Score 32.28 ± 5.65 37.61 ± 0.96 aP < .001, highly significant. Further, we found that 34 (43%) neonates had gestational hypertension, 41 (51%) neonates had preeclampsia, and 5 (6%) neonates had eclampsia. Of the neonates studied, most neonates (51%) were preeclamptic. The distribution of neonates according to the method of oxygen inhalation is presented in Table 2. There was a highly significant correlation between the method of oxygen inhalation and maturity of neonates at birth (P < .001). All preterm neonates were on ventilator support, while none of the term neonates required ventilator support. The correlation between themethod of oxygen inhalation and neonatal mortality is shown in Table 3. Totally 11 neonates died, of which 10 (71%) neonates were on ventilator support and 1 (8%) neonate was on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). None of the neonates who were on room air and oxygen on nasal prongs died. There was a highly significant correlation between neonatal mortality and the method of oxygen inhalation (P = 0). Table 2. Distribution of Neonates According to the Method of Oxygen Inhalation Method of Oxygen Inhalation Total, n (%) Preterm, n (%) Term, n (%) P Value Room Air 38 (48) 12 (28) 26 (72) 0a Via Nasal Prongs 14 (18) 8 (19) 6 (17) CPAP 13 (16) 9 (21) 4 (11) Ventilator 14 (18) 14 (32) 0 Total 79 (100) 43 (100) 36 (100) aP < .001, highly significant. CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure. Table 3. Correlation Between Method of Oxygen Inhalation and Neonatal Mortality Neonatal Outcome Total, n (%) Room Air, n (%) Oxygen Via Nasal Prongs, n (%) CPAP, n (%) Ventilator, n (%) P Value Dead 11 (14) 0 0 1 (8) 10 (71) 0a Alive 68 (86) 38 (100) 14 (100) 12 (92) 4 (29) Total 79 (100) 38 (100) 14 (100) 13 (100) 14 (100) aP < .001, highly significant. CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure. The correlation between the Apgar score and cord blood lactate level is shown in Table 4. There was a highly significant correlation between the cord blood lactate level and the Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes of life (P = 0). Table 4. Correlation Between the Apgar Score and Cord Blood Lactate Level Apgar Score Cord Blood Lactate Level, mmol/L, Median (IQR) P Value 1 min ≤ 3 7.8 (6.2–10.4) 0a > 3 3 (2.1–3.6) 5 min ≤ 6 10.2 (7.78–10.7) 0a > 6 2.91 (2.11–3.72) aP <.001, highly significant. Table 5 shows that there was a highly significant correlation between cord blood lactate level and cry at birth (P = 0). There was a significant correlation between cord blood lactate level and the severity of PIH in mothers (P = .012) (Table 6). Research Article Kumar N, et al. Cord Blood Lactate Level and Neonatal Mortality in PIH
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