10 • PERINATOLOGY Vol 24 • No. 1 • May–Aug 2023 range. Of the 396 neonates, 11.1% were preterm neonates, and 22.2% (of the 11.1%) were admitted to the NICU shortly after birth because of complications that may or may not have been related to the G6PD deficiency; 4 of these neonates were diagnosed positive for G6PD deficiency soon after. While neonates born with CH (n = 1) and CG (n = 2) were in the normal range regarding their birth weight and gestational term, 1 neonate screened positive for CAH weighed 4.4 kg at birth. Interestingly, the neonate with ambiguous genitalia did not screen positive for CAH, as was initially suspected (Table 2). Table 2. The Results of IEM Screening of Neonates Disorder No. of Patients Average Weight, kg Average Gestational Term, wk Additional Test Results G6PD Deficiency 9 2.79 37 3 had pathogenic variants present CH 1 2.8 37 TSH = 20 CG 2 2.9 39 0 CAH 1 4.4 39 Referred to an endocrinologist for testing CAH, congenital adrenal hyperplasia; CH, congenital hypothyroidism; CG, classical galactosemia; G6PD, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone. Research Article Gupta T, et al. The Need for Mandatory Newborn Screening in India neonates (55%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria and hence were enrolled in the study. Figure 2 depicts the monthly trend in the percentage of neonates tested. Of the 396 neonates, 13 neonates were found to be positive for the 4 conditions screened. Of these 13 neonates, the number of neonates who tested positive for G6PD deficiency was high compared with the remaining 3 conditions. The average birth weight of the neonates was 2.88 kg and the average gestational term was 37.48 weeks, which are considered to be in normal Figure 2. Month-wise Trend in Percentage of Neonates Tested 0 10 Oct 2018 Nov 2018 Dec 2018 Jan 2019 Feb 2019 Mar 2019 Apr 2019 May 2019 Jun 2019 Jul 2019 Aug 2019 Sep 2019 Oct 2019 Nov 2019 Dec 2019 Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020 Jul 2020 Aug 2020 Sep 2020 Oct 2020 Nov 2020 Dec 2020 Jan 2021 Feb 2021 Mar 2021 Apr 2021 May 2021 Jun 2021 Jul 2021 Aug 2021 Sep 2021 Oct 2021 Nov 2021 Dec 2021 20 30 40 50 60 70 64 92 77 81 67 58 69 74 75 72 50 50 55 58 81 92 72 64 63 70 57 62 78 56 54 67 41 60 61 71 13 6 47 31 13 12 13 0 0 80 90 100 Percentage of Neonates 0 0.25 CAH CH G6PD Galactosemia 0.25 0.51 2.27 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 Prevalence, % Figure 1. The Prevalence of CAH, CH, G6PD Deficiency, and CG CAH, congenital adrenal hyperplasia; CH, congenital hypothyroidism; CG, classical galactosemia; G6PD, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.
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