8 | Himalaya Livline | Vol 6 | No. 4 | May–Aug 2023 protective effect by lowering serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin. The study concludes that the rhizome of C rotundus possesses hepatoprotective activity.3 References 1. Kamala A, et al. 3 Biotech. 2018;8(7):309. 2. Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States. Purple nutsedge. https://www.invasiveplantatlas.org/. Accessed February 28, 2023. 3. SVS Kumar, Mishra SH. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2005;67(1):84–88. In another study, pretreatment with C spinosa hydroalcoholic extract (400 mg/kg) protected the liver against tert-butyl hydroperoxide– induced hepatic injury in mice models. There was also a reduction in malondialdehyde levels and an increase in the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes.5 References 1. Useful Tropical Plants. Capparis spinosa. http://tropical.theferns.info/. Accessed February 28, 2023. 2. Mohammad SM, et al. Life Sci J. 2012;9(4):684–686. 3. Rahnavard R, Razavi N. Adv Herb Med. 2016;2(1):44–53. 4. Aghela N, et al. Iranian J Pharm Res. 2007;6(4):285–290. 5. Kalantaria H, et al. J Tradit Complement Med. 2017;8(1):120–127. herb facts Cyperus rotundus Cyperus rotundus, commonly known as purple nutsedge, belongs to the family Cyperaceae. This perennial herb is 7 to 40 cm tall and has fibrous roots.1 It reproduces mainly through rhizomes, which are white and fleshy initially and become woody and wiry with age.2 C rotundus has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties.1 A study evaluated the hepatoprotective activity of C rotundus in CCl4-induced liver damage in rats. The animals involved in the study received ethyl acetate rhizome extract orally, at a dose ranging from 100 to 1000 mg/kg body weight. The results revealed that the ethyl acetate extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg demonstrated a significant Capparis spinosa Sanskrit name: Himsra English name: The Caper Bush Capparis spinosa is a sprawling or erect evergreen shrub that grows in northern and eastern Africa, Madagascar, southern Europe, Philippines, southwestern and central Asia, Indonesia, and Australia.1 It has round fleshy leaves and pinkish white flowers.2 C spinosa has hepatoprotective,1 anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.3 In a study, in CCl4-treated animals, liver injury was reflected by increased levels of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, which were normalized in animals treated with CCl4 plus C spinosa root bark extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg). C spinosa also reduced the thiopental-induced sleeping time, which was increased by CCl4 treatment. 4 Sanskrit name: Musta English name: Nut Grass Cyperus rotundus is an ingredient of Liv.52 HB. Capparis spinosa is an ingredient of Liv.52 DS.
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