What causes preterm delivery, and can it occur again? About 50 percent of women who have preterm deliveries go into labor for unknown reasons. The risk factors for preterm delivery include the following: Statistically, a woman who has had a preterm delivery earlier stands a 25-50 percent chance of having another one. However, for many women, preterm delivery is a one-time event. 15 Problems with the uterus Short span between pregnancies Physical injury or trauma Younger (<16 years of age) or older (>35 years of age) mothers Chronic health conditions in the mother such as diabetes or high blood pressure Multiple miscarriages or abortions Infections in the genital tract Being underweight or overweight Previous history of preterm birth Twin or multiple pregnancies Conception through in vitro fertilization (IVF) Smoking or use of illicit drugs
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